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Tabloid (newspaper format)
A tabloid is a newspaper with compact page size smaller than broadsheet, although there is no standard for the precise dimensions of the tabloid newspaper format. The term ''tabloid journalism'', along with the use of large pictures, tends to emphasize topics such as sensational crime stories, astrology, celebrity gossip and television. However, some reputable newspapers, such as ''The Independent'' and ''The Times'', are in tabloid format, and this size is used in the United Kingdom by nearly all local newspapers. There, its page dimensions are roughly . In the United States, it is commonly the format employed by alternative newspapers. Some small-format papers which claim a higher standard of journalism refer to themselves as ''compact'' newspapers instead.
Larger newspapers, traditionally associated with higher-quality journalism, are often called broadsheets, and this designation often remains in common usage even if the newspaper moves to printing on smaller pages, as many have in recent years. Thus the terms ''tabloid'' and ''broadsheet'' are, in non-technical usage, today more descriptive of a newspaper's market position than its physical size.
The Berliner format used by many prominent European newspapers is sized between the tabloid and the broadsheet. In a newspaper context, the term ''Berliner'' is generally used only to describe size, not to refer to other qualities of the publication.
==History==
The word "tabloid" comes from the name given by the London-based pharmaceutical company Burroughs Wellcome & Co. to the compressed tablets they marketed as "Tabloid" pills in the late 1880s. The connotation of ''tabloid'' was soon applied to other small compressed items. A 1902 item in London's ''Westminister Gazette'' boted, "The proprietor intends to give in tabloid form all the news printed by other journals." Thus "tabloid journalism" in 1901 originally meant a paper that condensed stories into a simplified, easily absorbed format. The term preceded the 1918 reference to smaller sheet newspapers that contained the condensed stories.〔"tabloid, n. and adj.", ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (online )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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